Ancient Egyptian Economy

The ancient Egyptian economy was primarily based on agriculture. With the Nile River being the main source of irrigation and the foundation of their farming practices. Farmers would use a system of canals and sluices to irrigate their crops and make use of the fertile silt deposits from the river to enhance their yields. The economy was centrally controlled by the pharaoh and his government. With a complex system of taxation and labor obligations. The pharaoh owned all land and resources.

Trade was also an important part of the economy. With goods such as papyrus, linen, and pottery being exported to neighboring regions. The Egyptians also imported materials such as ebony, ivory, and incense from other parts of Africa. As well as gold and copper from the Red Sea region. The ancient Egyptians were skilled craftsmen. With artisans specializing in everything from pottery and weaving to jewelry and metalworking. The construction of monumental architecture. Such as the pyramids, also provided employment for large numbers of workers.

In addition to agriculture, trade, and crafts, there were other key features of the ancient Egyptian economy:

1. Use of currency: The ancient Egyptians did not use coins as currency but instead relied on a barter system, exchanging goods and services such as food, cloth, and labor. However, as the society became more complex. They started using standardized measures such as grain and metal weights to facilitate trade.

2. System of weights and measures: The ancient Egyptians used a system of weights and measures to regulate trade and commerce. The standard unit of weight was the deben. Which was equivalent to about 90 grams. While the hin was the standard unit of liquid measure.

3. Specialization of labor: With the development of a complex society. There emerged a division of labor. For instance, there were specialized craftsmen such as metalworkers, carpenters, and potters who sold their work to the rich and affluent members of society.