The Hyksos invasion of Egypt occurred in the Second Intermediate Period, which lasted from approximately 1650 BCE to 1550 BCE. They were a Semitic-speaking people who originated from the Levant and established themselves as rulers of Egypt.

The Hyksos invasion was a result of the political instability and weakness of the Egyptian government at the time. The 12th Dynasty, which ruled during the Second Intermediate Period, was unable to effectively control the country and was vulnerable to attack from foreign powers.

The Hyksos initially established themselves in the eastern Nile Delta and gradually expanded their territory, conquering the Nile Delta and the southern parts of Egypt. They established their capital at Avaris, which is located in the eastern Nile Delta.

The Hyksos rule in Egypt was famous by a number of significant changes. They introduced new technologies and techniques, such as horse-drawn chariots and ironworking, which had a significant impact on Egyptian society. They also established a strong centralized government and built a number of fortresses and military camps to protect their territory.

Summary

However, the Hyksos rule was eventually challenged by the Egyptian 15th Dynasty, which was based in Thebes in the south. A series of conflicts between the two sides led to the eventual expulsion of the Hyksos from Egypt.

The Hyksos invasion of Egypt had a significant impact on Egyptian history and culture. It marked the beginning of a period of foreign rule in Egypt that lasted for several centuries, and it also led to the integration of Semitic-speaking peoples into Egyptian society. Today, the Hyksos are remembered as an important part of Egyptian history and their legacy continues to be studied and celebrated by scholars and enthusiasts around the world.